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Source. Theorem 1, pp. 15--16 (Section 5.1), of Andrew Rechnitzer, The first 128 digits of an autoconvolution inequality, arXiv:2602.07292v1 (7 February 2026), the version named on the source card. A preprint.

Read depth. Claims checked: the statement, the two digit strings and the definitions it uses were read clause by clause on the page images; the method (Sections 2--5, pp. 3--18) was read for structure only, and the rigorous computation was not rerun. Nothing here is independently reviewed.

Statement

Setting (pp. 1--3). F\mathcal F is the set of non-negative functions in L1(−1/2,1/2)L^1(-1/2,1/2) (pp. 2--3). For f∈Ff\in\mathcal F the autoconvolution f∗ff*f is supported on (−1,1)(-1,1), and ∥f∗f∥22=∫−11(f∗f)2\lVert f*f\rVert_2^2=\int_{-1}^{1}(f*f)^2 (abstract, p. 1, and equation (3), p. 2).

Theorem 1 (pp. 15--16). Let ν22=inf⁡f∈F∥f∗f∥22\nu_2^2=\inf_{f\in\mathcal F}\lVert f*f\rVert_2^2, the infimum taken over the functions f∈Ff\in\mathcal F with ∫f=1\int f=1. Then cℓ≤ν22≤cuc_\ell\le\nu_2^2\le c_u, where ∣cu−cℓ∣≤1.2×10−129\lvert c_u-c_\ell\rvert\le1.2\times10^{-129} and

cℓ=0.57463 96071 51519 59272 72554 27527 05297 14370 26369 37315 66116 3087674892 55216 18178 98882 24078 24755 71532 95571 66060 64735 74241 32638 64820 673 58,cu=0.57463 96071 51519 59272 72554 27527 05297 14370 26369 37315 66116 3087674892 55216 18178 98882 24078 24755 71532 95571 66060 64735 74241 32638 64820 673 69.\begin{aligned} c_\ell&=0.57463\,96071\,51519\,59272\,72554\,27527\,05297\,14370\,26369\,37315\,66116\,30876\\ &\qquad74892\,55216\,18178\,98882\,24078\,24755\,71532\,95571\,66060\,64735\,74241\,32638\,64820\,673\,58,\\ c_u&=0.57463\,96071\,51519\,59272\,72554\,27527\,05297\,14370\,26369\,37315\,66116\,30876\\ &\qquad74892\,55216\,18178\,98882\,24078\,24755\,71532\,95571\,66060\,64735\,74241\,32638\,64820\,673\,69. \end{aligned}

The two decimals agree in their first 128 digits, which the print underlines (p. 16). The theorem's text also records the consequence that every non-negative ff on [−1/2,1/2][-1/2,1/2] with ∫f=1\int f=1 has ∥f∗f∥22≥cℓ\lVert f*f\rVert_2^2\ge c_\ell (p. 16).

The printed sentence describing the infimum names only the unit-mass condition on f∈L1(−1/2,1/2)f\in L^1(-1/2,1/2); non-negativity enters through the index set F\mathcal F of the infimum, defined on pp. 2--3. The abstract's statement of the problem also names only unit mass.

Context on p. 2. The paper cites the earlier bounds 0.574575<ν22<0.6407330.574575<\nu_2^2<0.640733 (Green for the lower, Martin and O'Bryant for the upper) and 0.574636<ν22<0.5746430.574636<\nu_2^2<0.574643 (White), its display (5), and says White's bounds give the first 4 digits.

Proof pointer

Section 2 (pp. 3--7) starts from White's reformulation of ν22\nu_2^2 as a sum over Fourier coefficients (display (8), p. 3), which the paper attributes to White's Lemma 3.1, and fits the near-optimal coefficients by an ansatz in powers k−j−1/2k^{-j-1/2}; the paper reports that this first ansatz gave tight numerical values it could not make rigorous. Section 3 (pp. 7--10) takes a second ansatz, a finite combination of the functions (1−4x2)j−1/2(1-4x^2)^{j-1/2} with Bessel-function Fourier coefficients (displays (26)--(27), p. 8), and sums the resulting series rigorously with Kummer's series transform and asymptotic expansions, giving upper bounds. Section 4 (pp. 11--14) turns a near-optimal upper-bound function into a lower bound through a Hölder-inequality argument that the paper attributes to White's Lemma 3.2 (display (44), p. 11). Section 5 (pp. 14--18) reports the computation, carried out in C++ with ball arithmetic from the flint library; Section 5.1 (pp. 15--17) finishes with P=101P=101 ansatz coefficients, N=8192N=8192, K=128K=128 and 384 digits of precision. The coefficients used are listed in Appendix A, and Appendix B gives Python code that recomputes bounds from the first few of them, which the paper calls non-rigorous.

Dependencies

White's reformulation and lower-bound lemma (Lemmas 3.1 and 3.2 of White's paper, as the paper cites them) and a computer calculation in rigorous ball arithmetic.

Bears on

  • Problem 158: the paper quotes, as its display (4) on p. 2, the inequality σ2(g)≤2−1/g/ν2\sigma_2(g)\le\sqrt{2-1/g}/\nu_2 that it attributes to work of Green and White, where σ2(g)\sigma_2(g) is the limit of R2[g](N)/(gN)1/2R_2[g](N)/(gN)^{1/2} and R2[g](N)R_2[g](N) is the largest size of a B2[g]B_2[g] subset of {1,…,N}\{1,\ldots,N\} (display (1), p. 1); the paper notes that this limit is known to exist only for g=1g=1 (p. 2). With g=2g=2, display (4) turns a lower bound on ν22\nu_2^2 into an upper bound on σ2(2)\sigma_2(2), and Theorem 1's cℓc_\ell exceeds White's lower bound 0.5746360.574636 only from the sixth decimal place. The paper does not mention the problem or state the resulting bound on σ2(2)\sigma_2(2), and an upper bound for finite sets says nothing about whether the lower limit the problem asks about is 00.