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Research notes on every problem, and a library of the papers behind them. Built from the open erdos repository.

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Statement

Setting (p. 1). ff is a real additive function: f(m1m2)=f(m1)+f(m2)f(m_1m_2)=f(m_1)+f(m_2) whenever (m1,m2)=1(m_1,m_2)=1. The truncation f′f' is f′(p)=f(p)f'(p)=f(p) when ∣f(p)∣≤1|f(p)|\le1 and f′(p)=1f'(p)=1 otherwise.

Theorem IV (p. 2, quoted). "Let f(m)f(m) be an additive function such that ∑f(p)≠01/p\sum_{f(p)\ne0}1/p diverges. Then to every ϵ\epsilon there exists a δ\delta such that if a1<a2<⋯<ax≤na_1<a_2<\cdots<a_x\le n is a sequence of integers with ∣f(ai)−f(aj)∣<ϵ|f(a_i)-f(a_j)|<\epsilon then x<δnx<\delta n [sic] for nn sufficiently large."

As printed the statement is trivial (δ=2\delta=2 always works). The proof (pp. 14--17) establishes it with the roles of the constants exchanged: for every ϵ>0\epsilon>0 there is a δ>0\delta>0 such that, for nn sufficiently large, any integers a1<⋯<ax≤na_1<\cdots<a_x\le n whose values f(ai)f(a_i) all lie in an interval (D,D+δ)(D,D+\delta) number x<ϵnx<\epsilon n (display (12), p. 14, and the closing contradiction on p. 17).

The paper paraphrases the theorem (p. 17): if ∑f(p)≠01/p=∞\sum_{f(p)\ne0}1/p=\infty, the distribution function tries to be continuous whether it exists or not.

Proof pointer

Pp. 14--17. Theorem V first makes ff finitely distributed, so f(m)=clog⁡m+φ(m)f(m)=c\log m+\varphi(m) with ∑(φ′(p))2/p<∞\sum(\varphi'(p))^2/p<\infty. For c=0c=0 the proof uses Lemmas 8 and 9 (pp. 14--15): f(m)f(m) is close to its truncation fk(m)f_k(m) plus a constant for most mm, and fkf_k rarely lands in a short interval. For c≠0c\ne0 a lemma on pairs ai/pi=aj/pja_i/p_i=a_j/p_j (pp. 15--16) produces two members whose ff-values differ by more than clog⁡(1+c1)−2ηc\log(1+c_1)-2\eta, a contradiction.

Read depth

Claims checked: the statement read on the page image of p. 2 and the quantifier order checked against the proof on pp. 14--17, which was read for structure. Nothing here is independently reviewed.

Dependencies

Theorem V. External inputs named by the paper: Turán's method and Erdős's paper "On the density of some sequences of numbers III" (1938).

Source. P. Erdős, On the distribution function of additive functions, Ann. of Math. (2) 47 (1946), 1--20, doi:10.2307/1969031; the edition read is named on the source card.

Bears on

None directly.