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Research notes on every problem, and a library of the papers behind them. Built from the open erdos repository.

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Statement

f(n)f(n) is the least integer such that (n,f(n)](n,f(n)] contains distinct integers a1,…,ana_1,\ldots,a_n with i∣aii\mid a_i for i=1,…,ni=1,\ldots,n (printed p. 147). Theorem 3. For n≥2n\ge2,

f(n)≤(2+o(1)) nlog⁡n.f(n)\le(2+o(1))\,n\sqrt{\log n}.

The paper follows the proof with the sentence "We can improve the theorem slightly" and the sketched display (11), f(n)≤(c+o(1))nlog⁡nf(n)\le(c+o(1))n\sqrt{\log n} with c=1.7398…c=1.7398\ldots (p. 154).

Source. P. Erdős and C. Pomerance, Matching the natural numbers up to nn with distinct multiples in another interval, Indag. Math. (Proc.) 83 (1980), no. 2, 147--161, DOI 10.1016/1385-7258(80)90018-9; Theorem 3 on printed p. 153 (PDF p. 7 of the 15-page scan read for this page), proof on pp. 153--154 (PDF pp. 7--8), read on the page images.

Read depth. Claims checked: the statement was read clause by clause on the page image; the one-page proof (pp. 153--154) was read through and not checked step by step. Nothing here is independently reviewed.

Proof pointer

Section 3 (pp. 153--154). Fix ε>0\varepsilon>0. For i∈(n/log⁡n,n]i\in(n/\sqrt{\log n},n] take ai=i([log⁡n]+1)a_i=i([\sqrt{\log n}]+1), distinct and in (n,n(log⁡n+1)](n,n(\sqrt{\log n}+1)]. For the remaining indices let I=[1,n/log⁡n]∩ZI=[1,n/\sqrt{\log n}]\cap\mathbb Z and J=(n(log⁡n+1),(2+ε)nlog⁡n]∩ZJ=(n(\sqrt{\log n}+1),(2+\varepsilon)n\sqrt{\log n}]\cap\mathbb Z, joined when j/ij/i is prime. Each i∈Ii\in I has valence at least (1+ε/2)log⁡n/log⁡log⁡n(1+\varepsilon/2)\log n/\log\log n by the prime number theorem, each j∈Jj\in J valence at most ω(j)<(1+ε/2)log⁡n/log⁡log⁡n\omega(j)<(1+\varepsilon/2)\log n/\log\log n, so the König–Hall theorem (stated on p. 148) gives a matching of II into JJ and f(n)≤(2+ε)nlog⁡nf(n)\le(2+\varepsilon)n\sqrt{\log n} for large nn.

Dependencies

The König–Hall matching theorem (the paper's [7] and [5]); the prime number theorem for the valence counts.

Bears on

  • Problem 710: the upper bound as the theorem prints it, (2+o(1))nlog⁡n(2+o(1))n\sqrt{\log n}; the site's constant 1.7398⋯1.7398\cdots is the sketched display (11), not this theorem.
  • Problem 711: the site's f(n,n)≪n(log⁡n)1/2f(n,n)\ll n(\log n)^{1/2}, in the paper's normalization f(n)=n+f(n,n)f(n)=n+f(n,n); Lemma 3 of van Doorn's 2026 paper quotes this bound.