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Research notes on every problem, and a library of the papers behind them. Built from the open erdos repository.

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Statement

fk(m,n)f_k(m,n) is the number of kk-tuples (a1,…,ak)∈Nk(a_1,\ldots,a_k)\in\mathbb N^k with a1≤a2≤⋯≤aka_1\le a_2\le\cdots\le a_k and m/n=1/a1+⋯+1/akm/n=1/a_1+\cdots+1/a_k, for fixed m,n∈Nm,n\in\mathbb N (p. 2).

Theorem 2 (p. 2). For every ϵ>0\epsilon>0,

f4(m,n) ≪ϵ nϵ(n4/3m2/3+n28/17m8/5),f_4(m,n)\ \ll_\epsilon\ n^\epsilon\Bigl(\frac{n^{4/3}}{m^{2/3}} +\frac{n^{28/17}}{m^{8/5}}\Bigr),

and for every k≥5k\ge5

fk(m,n) ≪ϵ (kn)ϵ(k4/3n2m)2817⋅2k−5.f_k(m,n)\ \ll_\epsilon\ (kn)^\epsilon \Bigl(\frac{k^{4/3}n^2}{m}\Bigr)^{\frac{28}{17}\cdot2^{k-5}}.

The paper prints the statement without an explicit quantifier on ϵ\epsilon; the implied constants depend on ϵ\epsilon only, as the subscript shows.

The paper compares this (p. 3) with Browning and Elsholtz's bounds f4(m,n)≪ϵnϵ(n4/3/m2/3+(n/m)5/3)f_4(m,n)\ll_\epsilon n^\epsilon(n^{4/3}/m^{2/3}+(n/m)^{5/3}) and, for k≥5k\ge5, the same shape as above with exponent 53⋅2k−5\frac53\cdot2^{k-5} in place of 2817⋅2k−5\frac{28}{17}\cdot2^{k-5}, noting 28/17=1.64705…28/17=1.64705\ldots.

Source. Christian Elsholtz and Stefan Planitzer, The number of solutions of the Erdős-Straus equation and sums of kk unit fractions, Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh Sect. A 150 (2020), no. 3, 1401--1427, read in arXiv:1805.02945v1 (8 May 2018), as identified on the source card; Theorem 2 on p. 2, proved on pp. 14--16 in Section 6 (pp. 11--16). The published version was not compared.

Read depth. Claims checked: the statement was read clause by clause on the page image of p. 2, and the comparison on p. 3. The proof was read for its structure only and was not checked step by step.

Proof pointer

The proof starts from the recursion (21) (p. 12), which bounds fk(m,n)f_k(m,n) by a sum of fk−1f_{k-1} values over the possible smallest denominators. For k=4k=4 it splits that sum at u=nδu=n^\delta: the short part is bounded with Browning and Elsholtz's f3(m,n)≪ϵnϵ(n/m)2/3f_3(m,n)\ll_\epsilon n^\epsilon(n/m)^{2/3} (Lemma B, p. 12), and the long part, where the smallest denominator is large and forces the next one to be small, is bounded by nϵn(12−4δ)/5/m8/5n^\epsilon n^{(12-4\delta)/5}/m^{8/5} through the four-variable pattern parametrization and the divisor bound (pp. 14--15). The bound f5(m,n)≪ϵnϵ(n2/m)28/17f_5(m,n)\ll_\epsilon n^\epsilon(n^2/m)^{28/17} follows from (21) (display (35), p. 16), and Lemma C (p. 12), a lifting procedure going back to Browning and Elsholtz, carries a bound f5(m,n)≪ϵnϵ(n2/m)cf_5(m,n)\ll_\epsilon n^\epsilon(n^2/m)^c with c>1c>1 to every k≥5k\ge5; the paper takes c=28/17c=28/17 (p. 16).

Dependencies

Lemma B (Browning and Elsholtz's three-term bound, p. 12), Lemma C (p. 12), the divisor bound (Lemma A, p. 9) and the pattern parametrization of Section 4 (pp. 6--8); not examined here.

Bears on

  • Problem 148: through Corollary 3, which takes m=n=1m=n=1; the problem's F(k)F(k) counts only distinct denominators, so F(k)≤fk(1,1)F(k)\le f_k(1,1). The bound says nothing about lower bounds.