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Research notes on every problem, and a library of the papers behind them. Built from the open erdos repository.

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Claim. If q1,q2,…q_1,q_2,\ldots are primes with qn+1−qn≥qn−qn−1>0q_{n+1}-q_n\ge q_n-q_{n-1}>0 for n≥2n\ge2, then lim inf⁡nqn/n2≥1/S\liminf_n q_n/n^2\ge1/S, where, with p1=2<p2=3<⋯p_1=2<p_2=3<\cdots the primes, S=∑r≥1(pr+1−1)2/(p2⋯pr+1)=2.84010…S=\sum_{r\ge1}(p_{r+1}-1)^2/(p_2\cdots p_{r+1})=2.84010\ldots, a sum over the odd primes pr+1p_{r+1}; thus lim inf⁡nqn/n2≥0.3521…\liminf_n q_n/n^2\ge0.3521\ldots, the bound the site records as >0.352>0.352. The source is Richter, B., Über die Monotonie von Differenzenfolgen, Acta Arith. 30 (1976), 225--227, on the card richter_1976_uber_die_monotonie_von_differenzenfolgen. The proof compares the sequence with an extremal minorant. Since the gaps never decrease, equal gaps are consecutive, and a run of equal gaps dd is an arithmetic progression of primes. Such a progression has at most P(d)−1P(d)-1 terms, or at most P(d)P(d) when it starts at P(d)P(d), where P(d)P(d) is the least prime not dividing dd. So each gap value occurs at most P(d)−1P(d)-1 times, and the prime number theorem gives the minorant's growth n2/Sn^2/S.

Covers. The lower bound lim inf⁡qn/n2≥1/S=0.3521…\liminf q_n/n^2\ge1/S=0.3521\ldots. Whether qn/n2→∞q_n/n^2\to\infty, the question of Problem 455, is not addressed.

Acceptance. Refereed: Acta Arithmetica 30, no. 3 (1976), 225--227. The site's commentary credits the bound to Richter, but the site labels the problem OPEN, so the commentary is not reviewed evidence.

Date. The record gives the year 1976 and no finer date, so the page is dated to the first day of that year.

Depends on. Nothing in this wiki; the claim rests on the cited paper.