Wiki
Wiki

Research notes on every problem, and a library of the papers behind them. Built from the open erdos repository.

Updated


Claim. There is n0n_0 such that for every n≥n0n\ge n_0 and every monic polynomial pp of degree nn the length of the lemniscate {z:∣p(z)∣=1}\{z:\lvert p(z)\rvert=1\} is at most that of p0(z)=zn−1p_0(z)=z^n-1, with equality exactly when p(z)=(z−z0)n−eiθp(z)=(z-z_0)^n-e^{i\theta}, that is, when pp is p0p_0 up to rotation and translation. This is part (iv) of Theorem 1.1 of Tao, The maximal length of the Erdős–Herzog–Piranian lemniscate in high degree, arXiv:2512.12455 (v1 2025-12-13, v2 2025-12-22), and it settles the question of Problem 114 for all large degrees. Parts (i) to (iii) give the chain of bounds 2n+O(n)2n+O(\sqrt n), 2n+O(1)2n+O(1) and 2n+4log⁡2+o(1)2n+4\log2+o(1) for the maximal length, the last matching the length 21/nB(12,12n)=2n+4log⁡2+O(1/n)2^{1/n}B(\tfrac12,\tfrac1{2n})=2n+4\log2+O(1/n) of the lemniscate of p0p_0; the argument builds on the analysis of Fryntov and Nazarov, who had 2n+O(n7/8)2n+O(n^{7/8}), and its Remark 1.2 describes the lemniscate of p0p_0 as 2n2n spokes of length about one with nn tips resembling semicircles of radius 1/n1/n, a shape that Heuristic 1.1 expects near-extremal polynomials to approach. Remark 1.3 says that every implied constant is effectively computable, so the full conjecture reduces to checking an explicitly bounded number of degrees, and that only one scenario could keep that check from finishing in finite time: a competitor of bounded degree whose lemniscate has exactly the length of that of p0p_0. The digest is on the source card tao_2025_maximal_length_erdos_herzog_piranian_lemniscate.

Covers. Every degree above an effectively computable bound n0n_0, which the paper does not compute. Degree 22 is settled by Eremenko and Hayman (Eremenko–Hayman 1999); the degrees from 33 to n0n_0 are not covered, so the claim settles the conjecture for all but finitely many degrees without deciding it.

Depends on. No page of this wiki.

Acceptance. None recorded. The paper is an arXiv preprint with no journal version on its card, so no refereed evidence exists. The site's commentary (page last edited 2026-01-23) records that Tao proved zn−1z^n-1 to be the unique maximizer up to rotation and translation for all sufficiently large nn, but its label is FALSIFIABLE, an open label, so the remark is commentary and not acceptance and no reviewed evidence is listed. No formal proof is recorded. Nothing here is this project's own review.